NALERIGU CONM_SPACE
NALERIGU CONM_SPACE is a digital service and an open-access electronic archive that maintains and preserves digital copies of scholarly publications of faculty, administrators and and students of College of Nursing and Midwifery, Nalerigu. The Repository aims to:
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- Directly create a culture of sharing knowledge and enhances the visibility and impact of the College’s intellectual contributions
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Influence of social media and the digital environment on international migration of health workforce from low- and middle-income countries post COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol.
(BMJ Open, 2024-09-19) Dzansi, Gladys; Amankwa,Abdul-Mumin; Menkah, William; Ametefe, Vivian; Xatse, Eugenia; Azanku, Believe Adzoa
Introduction: Migration of the health workforce from low- and middle-income countries (LMCIs) is increasingly becoming a phenomenon of interest within migration governance systems. The COVID-19 pandemic aggravated health workforce shortages that have created job opportunities in high-income countries such as the USA, UK, Canada, and Germany, among others. Conditions of service in LMCIs are unattractive, leading to the search for better opportunities. The digital environment is becoming one of the facilitators of migration intentions due to the activities of recruitment agencies and the search for job opportunities on the World Wide Web. The digital environment creates opportunities for migration but also poses a security threat, economic loss, and a brain drain to departure countries. However, there is a paucity of evidence on how the proliferation of advertisements on health workforce recruitment within social media, unsolicited emails, and activities of recruitment agencies in the digital environment influence the migration of the health workforce and the implications of migration governance.
Method and analysis: This scoping review protocol describes a comprehensive systematic extraction and examination of existing literature to map key concepts and identify previous literature, noting the gaps in how social media and the digital environment are influencing the migration of the health workforce. We lean on Arksey and O'Malley’s scoping framework in developing this protocol. This involves the following: identifying research questions, searching for the literature, selecting articles or studies, charting the data, and organizing and reporting the outcome of the review. The review question is informed by the population, concept, and context framework, which details the population as the health workforce (doctors, nurses, midwives, and pharmacists), the key concepts as migration, social media, and digital environment, and the context as LMICs. The search strategy was developed with the assistance of an experienced librarian who will work with the team to conduct a peer review of electronic search strategies to evaluate titles, abstracts, and full-text articles for inclusion from databases such as Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Additionally, we will search grey literature sources including online news media, social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), web pages of WHO, UN, and migration-related agencies, and interfaces like EBSCO host. Two members of the team will screen titles and abstracts, and all team members will screen full text for data extraction. Data from grey sources will be converted to transcripts, coded, and grouped into themes and subthemes consistent with thematic analysis strategies. All authors will be involved in the synthesis of the data. We intend to follow Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines in reporting the outcome of peer-review sources.
Ethics and dissemination: This is a scoping review protocol that addresses a subject of interest that poses no risk to individuals or groups. All the information will be retrieved from open sources only. The protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework registry (osf. oi/ zan3q) to serve as an audit trail. Reports from the review will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.
Community Pharmacies Treatment Practices of Malaria and Residents’ Pattern of Antimalarial Drug Use in Abura Community, Cape Coast Metropolis-Ghana
(Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2021-04-14) Tettey, Etornam Abla; Dzantor, Edem Kojo; Akomaning, Edwin
Background: Community pharmacies are health care facilities that allows the public access to their medications, counselling, and advice about their health. Community pharmacies play critical role in the health delivery systems of several countries especially in developing countries and
serve as the first point of call for the treatment and management of many ailments, including malaria. The study therefore examined community pharmacies treatment practices of malaria and residents’ pattern of antimalarial drug use in Abura Community, in the Cape Coast Metropolis of
the Central Region of Ghana.
Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey involving 301 study participants from the Abura Community (Cape Coast Metropolis). A structured questionnaire was Descriptive statistics was performed using SPSS version 23.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010.
Results: The age range of our study was between 15 and 60 years. Females were the majority (52.5%). The self-reported use of unprescribed antimalarial drugs was 41%. The source of the drugs were mainly community pharmacies, licensed chemical shops, self-herbal preparations, and
left-over antimalarial drugs.
Conclusion: A high proportion of our study participants reported self-medication of non-prescribed antimalarial drugs. These antimalarials included both orthodox and herbal medications, which were sourced from outlets like community pharmacies, licensed chemical sellers, and home herbal
preparations. There is the need to intensify monitoring, public health education on self-medication and the training of staff of community pharmacies to ensure effective treatment and management of malaria at the community level.
Attitude of Reproductive Age Women Towards Male Involvement in Family Planning; a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Nakawa Division, Kampala, Uganda.
(MedRxiv, 2022-07-16) Wambete, Sarah Namee; Baru, Ararso; Serwaa, Dorcas; Dzantor, Edem Kojo; Evelyn Poku-Agyemang,; Kukeba, Margaret Wekem; Olayemi, Oladapo O.
Background: In African countries, men are often the primary decision-makers and that have a significant influence on their spouse’s health and access to health care including family planning (FP) decisions. This study aimed to assess the attitude of women in Nakawa Division,
Kampala, Uganda towards male involvement in FP and the associated factors.
Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study carried out in Nakawa Division, Kampala, Uganda. A total of 480 women aged 18-49 years were selected as participants for the study using multi-stage sampling. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire
was used to collect information from the participants. The data collected was analyzed using
SPSS version 22. Data were described using frequency and percentage while associations were assessed using logistic regression analysis at P<0.05.
Results: A total of 485 participants with mean age of 28.29±6.57 years were involved in this study; 197(41.0%) were aged 26-33 years, 399 (83.1%) were Christians, 240(50.0%) had attained secondary school education and 239(49.8%) of their partners had attained tertiary education. The most utilized contraceptives among the women were injectables 151(32.5%), pills 122(26.2%), condoms 76(16.3%), implants 37(8%) and calendar method 30(6.5%). More, 302/465(62.9%) of the women had adequate partner involvement in their FP and a total of 438/480 (91.3%) of the participants had favorable attitude of women toward male involvement in FP. After adjusting for confounders, participants with an average monthly income of 600,000/= and above were more likely to have favorable attitude towards male involvement in
FP (AOR=10.51, 95% CI {1.19−93.25}, p=0.035) compared with those earning 0-100,000/= average monthly income per month. Also, participants with adequate male partner involvement in FP/contraceptive use were more likely to have favorable attitude towards male involvement
in FP (AOR=2.78, 95% CI {1.23−6.30, p<0.014)
Conclusion: The study found high favourable attitude of women towards male partner involvement at FP. The average monthly income of participants and male involvement were predictors of favourable attitude towards male involvement in FP. This finding indicates the 50 need for increased sensitization of the men as a means of attaining the broader objective of increasing male partner involvement in FP for better contraceptive use and better birth spacing.
Stakeholder Perspectives on Nursing Credential Upgrades: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Global Studies
(Ghana Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 2024-09-02) Asare, Bismarck; Brobbey, Samuel Sanaa; Asamoah-Atakorah, Shadrach; Selorm, Johnson Mensah Sukah
Purpose: To analyze stakeholder perspectives on nursing credential upgrades, comparing global, sub-Saharan African and Ghanaian contexts.
Method: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using systematic search strategies across multiple databases. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and patterns in stakeholder perspectives.
Findings: Common themes across all levels include a push for higher qualifications, emphasis on competency-based education, and recognition of stakeholder involvement importance. Unique challenges in the Ghanaian context include resource constraints and rapid healthcare system changes.
Conclusion: Successful nursing credential upgrades require balancing global standards with local needs, addressing resource constraints, and ensuring meaningful stakeholder engagement.
Recommendations: Implement comprehensive curriculum reforms, strengthen faculty development programs, and establish formal mechanisms for stakeholder participation in policy development.
Significance: This analysis provides valuable insights for policymakers and educators involved in nursing education reforms, contributing to efforts to strengthen health systems through improved healthcare workforce education.
Ghana's Public Health Act, AI Algorithms and the Vaccine Supply Chain in Ghana
(International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 2024-01) Addy, Alfred; Gbadagba Kwame Joshua; Selorm, Johnson Mensah Sukah; Mensah, George Benneh
Objective: This analysis explored gaps between Ghana’s Public Health Act’s oversight provisions and on-the-ground implementation realities using an algorithmic accountability lens, assessing the sufficiency of current vaccine supply chain governance to address risks of unfairness and opacity from integrating artificial intelligence systems.
Method: A structured CRAC/IRAC framework was utilized integrating legal analysis of statutory duties under the Public Health Act, case law precedents, real-world examples, counterevidence, and multidisciplinary literature to holistically evaluate institutional capabilities and barriers for monitoring AI automation.
Results: The research found that while existing law confers broad transparency and equity mandates applicable to algorithmic tools for health officials under Sections 97, 108 and 169, practical challenges surrounding proprietary opacity of commercial AI and gaps in enforceability impede their fulfillment, necessitating updated regulations.
Scientific Contribution: This pioneers legal analysis of AI governance in Ghana while transferring analytical concepts like algorithmic fairness into the sociolegal domain, seeding an important emerging field. It provides a template for assessing automation impacts on rights empirically using mixed criteria.
Practical Significance: Scrutinizing legal shortcomings and barriers early while AI integration remains nascent aims positively influence application of guidelines protecting patients. It brings material questions of resource prioritization rooted in moral values of justice into sharper relief for key decision-makers shaping digitized futures.